Which situation is an example of a third party claim?

A third-party claim arises when an individual seeks compensation from someone else's insurance policy due to injuries or damages inflicted by that party. In the situation described, the woman injured by an employee at a local bar is indeed an example of a third-party claim. Here, the injury did not directly arise from the woman's actions, but rather from a situation involving an employee of the bar, making the bar’s insurance the potential source of compensation for her injuries.

This concept differentiates it from the other scenarios. For example, an individual backing their car into a guardrail represents a first-party claim situation since it involves the individual claiming against their own insurance for damages they caused. In the case of a man seeking surgery from his health insurer, he is looking to utilize his own health insurance, which also characterizes a first-party claim. Lastly, a man filing a homeowners claim for lightning damage pertains to damage to his own property, again indicating a first-party claim as he seeks compensation from his own homeowners insurance policy.